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Norwegian Languageflag

"Norwegian language" is easy to learn for those who are interested in learning foreign languages. There are many who are interested in learning Norwegian language and  getting to know our culture.





 In site you are going to read a short historical overview in order to get some ideas about this language,especially ( Trøndesk)our dialect in Trondheim.


Historical overview       Trondheim viking

Long time ago during the Viking Age ( 700- 1066) people spoke Old Norse which is North Germanic language. Most of the people had Old East Norse dialect ( current dialect in Denmark and Sweden) or Gutish (Gothic language).
 Some people say that people were able to understand Old English,Old Saxon and French during that time. Gradually  Old Norse turned into Modern North language ( Scandinavian language).  If you have ever been in Iceland or heard their language, you may get an idea about what North language does sound! Another language that sounds like Old Norse language is spoken in Alvdalen in Sweden.

In 1030 when Christianity came to Norway, Norwegian language got influenced of some  Latin Alphabet.

When Vikings settled in Iceland during 9th century, the language of Iceland and Norway remained similar and gradually Norwegian language went through transition toward modern language.



Phonology

Norwegian language sounds like Swedish with different dialects and accents. In fact we understand each other.However we have different pronunciation.  For example some of my courses at the university were in Danish language and I did not have problem with understanding them.

Most of the post alveolar consonants are mutations of dental consonant.
for instance the word bare [bære] means "only" in English.
 
The phonology is completely different in central Norway such as Trondheim, Namsos, Steinkjer than south and western part of Norway. There are many vowel variations in various Norwegian dialects.

Norwegian language has two pitch patterns. For instance word plural word farmers (bønder) is pronounced bønner ( in English means beans,prayers) with different spelling.

Written

The Norwegian alphabet has 29 letters such as:

    A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z-Æ-Ø-Å

Bokmål [bookmol] Nynorsk[ninoshk] ( new Norwegian language,created by Ivar Aasen Norwegian philologist and poet in  1800 ) are  Norwegian standard languages. Bokmål is mostly used in writing,regardless of dialect and some people apply nynosk.  At school and universities most of the exam papers are in both bokmål and nynosk along with English for exchange students. Nynorsk is  close to Bokmål with some differences.

Example: Bokmål = Hva heter han? [ Va heterr han] what is his name?

              Nynorsk = Kva heiter han? [ka heite han] what is his name?


Dialects

There are various number of Norwegian dialects in Norway. Each area has their own dialect for instance in Bergen and  Stavanger, they pronounce "R" as "R" in French. In Nordland (North of Norway) they have a soft pronunciation of letters. 

In central Norway people speak Trøndesk [trondashk] and each city in central Norway has their own trøndesk. 

Morphology

Norwegian nouns are  singular and plural. 

                      Singlar                                     plural

           Indefinite           Definite                            Indefinite                    Definite

       en student    studenten             studenter         studentene

m. en mann         mannen                  menn               mennene
      (a man)          (the man)                 (men)                (the men)

f.   ei/en dame      dama/damen           damer               damene
     ( a lady)         ( the lady)               (ladies)               (the ladies)

n.    et eple          eplet                     epler                eplene
     (an apple)     (the apple)           (apples)             (the apples)

             
 
positive

bra
(good)		Comparative

bedre
(better)		 Superlative

best
(the best)


Determiner


egen (own) in Bokmål

   
Masculine

min egen		Feminine

min egen		Neuter

mitt eget		Plural

mine egne

           Pronouns in Bokmål

                 
Nominative Accusative English
Jeg meg I, me
du deg you (singular)
han han/ham he, him or it (masculine)
hun hun/henne she, her or it (feminine)
det/den det/den it (neuter)
vi oss we, us
dere dere you (plural)
de dem they, them

Bokmål [bookmol] Nynorsk[ninoshk] ( new Norwegian language,created by Ivar Aasen Norwegian philologist and poet in  1800 ) are  Norwegian standard languages. Bokmål is mostly used in writing,regardless of dialect and some apply nynosk.  At school and universities most of the exam papers are in both bokmål and nynosk along with English for exchange students. Nynorsk is  close to Bokmål with some differences.

Example: Bokmål = Hva heter han? [ Va heterr han] what is his name?

              Nynorsk = Kva heiter han? [ka heite han] what is his name?

There are various numbers of Norwegian dialects in Norway. Each area has their own dialect for instance in Bergen and  Stavanger, they say "R" as "R" in French. In Nordland (North of Norway) they have a soft pronunciation of letters. 

In central Norway people speak Trøndesk [trondashk] and each city in central Norway has their own trøndesk dialect. 

Trøndesk

Trøndersk or Trøndsk is spoken in central Norway in Trøndelag. This dialect is different in North of Trøndelag and South of Trøndelag. 

North of Trøndelag (Nord-Trøndelag) cities such as: Namsos, Steinkjer, Levanger,Osen, Hell, Verdal, Bangsund, Otterøya, Stjørdal

South of Trøndelag (Sør-Trøndelag): Trondheim, Åfjord, Brekstad, Rissa, Røros, Orkanger, Roan, Hitra, Frøya

A trønder is a person who comes from Trøndelag.

There are some differences between Bokmål and Trøndesk for instance:

Jeg kommer fra Trondheim (bokmål), in English: I came from Trondheim
  • Æ   kjem i  fra Trondheim (Trøndsk) 
  • Æ e Trønder (Trøndsk). Jeg er trønder (Bokmål). I am a Tronder.
  • Æ kan snakk på Trøndersk. Jeg snakker på trøndersk. I speak Trondesk.
  • itj nå problem. ( (Trøndsk). ikke noe problem(Bokmål). No problem
  • æ ælske dæ.(Trøndsk) Jeg elsker deg(bokmål) I love you
  • snakkes seinar (Trøndsk) snakkes senere (bokmål) Talk to you later.
  • æ e klar(Trøndsk). Jeg er sliten(Bokmål). I am tired
  • Det du må koinn(Trøndesk) Det du må kunne(bokmål). You can du this(it)!


Å is as O in English and Æ is as "a" in apple (in English).

Simple everyday basic phrases in Norwegian(Bokmål]


Hello = Hallo
Thank you= Takk[ tack]
Thank you so much = Tusen takk[ toosen tack], Takk skal du ha[ tack skal du ha]
Hvordan går det med deg? [ Woordan Gore the me dai] = How are you?

It tastes good= Smakes godt
Good bye= Ha det bra!

I don't know= Jeg  vet ikke! [yaay vet ikke]

I know! = Jeg vet

I cannot speak Norwegian= Jeg kan ikke snakke Norsk!

I love Norway! = Jeg elsker Norge![yay els'care norge]

Are you tired?!= Er du sliten? [ ar doo shlit'en]?

No, I am not tired. Nei, jeg er ikke sliten.[ Naay, yaay er ikke shlit'en]



Numbers in Bokmål:


The following is  the pronunciation of Norwegian numbers in English.

1 (en) 2(too)3(Tre) 4(feere) 5( fam) 6(secks) 7(shoe) 8(Ottea) 9(Nee)
10(tea).
11(elvea) 12(toall) 13( tret'n) 14(fioort'n) 15(fem'tn)16(sais'n)17(set'n)
18(at'en) 19(kneet'en) 20(thieve or t'shoe'eh)



See! Norwegian language is easy to learn, especially for English speakers. Because  there are many English words in Norwegian language with different pronunciation! In fact if you learn Norwegian, you will be able to understand Danish,Swedish, some Dutch and German languages!

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Hollywood superstars and rock stars  try to  speak Norwegian


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